Summary

The first part of the „Yearbook” contains materials from a scientific and educational session titled „Lake Wigry”, organized between 21–22 May 2009 in Stary Folwark to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Wigry National Park.The organisers aimed at collecting as much information on Lake Wigry as possible, particulary the information that was never published or presented publicly.

A text by Witold Białokoz, Lucjan Chybowski and Michał Osewski discusses changes of ichthyofauna in Lake Wigry which occurred over many years.

The present structure of zooplancton complexes of crustacean Lake Wigry and their spatial diversity against the background of water trophy is described by Maciej Karpowicz, Andrzej Górniak and Adam Cudowski.

Andrzej Kołodziejczyk, focusing on molluscs, presents the state of knowledge of invertebrate fauna in Lake Wigry and surrounding waters, an overview of literature concerning those issues, and describes particularly interesting species from among those occurring in waters in the Wigry National Park.

A text by Hanna Szymańska and Agnieszka Krzyk gives information on occurrence of rare algae coming from Scandinavia and China in waters in the Wigry National Park. The authors also mention the taxa of filiform Chlorophyceae (green algae), new for science, previously unknown in the world.

Tadeusz Krzywosz, Piotr Traczuk and Lucjan Chybowski write about crabs (crayfish) in Lake Wigry, whereas Bogdan Wziątek and others show possibilities of using fluorescent dyes in research into nutrition of piscivorous birds on the example of the black cormorant and European whitefish in the Wigry National Park. They base their text on research conducted in the years 2000–2003.

The results of monitoring of Lake Wigry birds in the years 2005–2008 are presented by Dorota Zawadzka, Jerzy Zawadzki and Grzegorz Zawadzki.

In the section of studies and articles there are two texts. Jarosław Szlaszyński, using the archive records of the Institute of National Remembrance, presents opposing views and attitudes of Augustów residents in the period of historical turning points in the years 1956–1970. The author analyses the level of reception of historical events in the country and in the international arena by local communities, real evaluation (despite censorship and official propaganda) of historical events on international and national scale and their influence on attitudes of local communities. He also tries to determine a circle of active people and groups preserving independent thinking and sober evaluation of situations, despite functioning in those political realities.

Tadeusz Radziwonowicz describes, mainly on the basis of archive materials from the collections the State Archives in Suwałki and the State Archives in Białystok, as just after the Augustów sweep operation in July 1945 and in the first months and years after this tragedy, until 1947, a search for the missing people was conducted, as people tried to find out what had happened to those captured and deported by the Soviet troops in an unknown direction. He also shows as in the course of that first search the true nature of the state and its apparatus, which in fact turned out to be on the side of initiators and executors of that crime, became more and more distinct.

The section of „Announcements” begins with a text by Tomasz Naruszewicz about conflicts of Filipów residents in the 1740s. It refers to conflicts between the townsmen and a starost, as well as conflicts among the townsmen. The Grodno court books, now stored at the Central Historical Archives in Mińsk, Belarus are a source base for the text.

Jarosław Schabieński and Krzysztof Sychowicz, making use of the INR archive records, present the case of an operational uncovering named „Cmentarz” („Cemetery”) (anti-Soviet inscriptions in the cemetery of Soviet soldiers in Giżycko in 1981) as well as implementation of a circular letter from the Ministry of Education of 4 August 1958 about observing the rules of the secularism of schools and removing religion teachers who belonged to religious congregations from schools in counties of Augustów, Sejny and Suwałki. The implementation of the circular letter and the Ordinance accompanying it was the first example, since 1956, of such ruthless conduct of authorities and deplorable disrespect to the society’s stand.

Jarosław Szlaszyński, also using the INR resources, on the example of Zdzisław Derwiński’s activity, presents a monograph, previously unknown, on the history of political opposition in the Suwa³ki region in the years 1979–1980.

Marek Sidor describes twists and turns of gen. Ludwig Michał Pac, the owner of Dowspuda and Raczki, connected with his marriage to Anna Sapieżanka. His rival for the lady’s hand was Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski. The rivals fought a duel at least twice, and the public opinion of the whole Kingdom of Poland was fascinated by them.

Artur Ochał, using many sources meticulously, introduces the character of Antoni Radziukiewicz (1904–1968), a Suwałki lawyer and collaborator of the Polish Intelligence Service.

In the section of materials there are two valuable source studies. The Combat Diary of Lieutenant Piotr Łazarewicz, a Company Commander of Border Guards „Filipów” (prepared by Adam Cz. Dobroński), containing, among others, many unknown details concerning the September campaign in the Suwalszczyzna and a collection of documents (prepared by Jeremi Melnik) connected with one of the least known pages in the history of the region and a Polish-Lithuanian dispute whether the region, the so called Warwiszki Local Government, should belong to Poland or Lithuania.

In the section of reviews there is a review of the book Czerwone Bagno (Red Bog). Anti-Soviet Underground Activity and Guerrillas in the Augustow Region Between 1939 – June 1941, by Tomasz Strzembosz and Rafał Wnuk, a series of essays by Wojciech Jastrzębiec Kuczkowski devoted to the Augustów Canal, and also a review and polemics concerning a in-depth monograph by Artur Ochał titled Battalion of Borderland Protection Corps „Suwałki” 1927–1939.

A chronicle of activities conducted in 2009 by the Suwalsko-Augustowskie Scientific Society, the District Museum in Suwałki and the State Archives in Suwałki closes this volume.

Tłumaczyła Elżbieta Rzemieniewska